Real-time intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy with on-site neuropathologist consultation for glioma margin assessment: illustrative case

Integrating CLE with on-site pathologist consultation creates an effective paradigm for real-time margin assessment, addressing the 30%-40% false-negative rate of fluorescence guidance. This collaborative approach is immediately implementable at centers with neuropathology expertise and establishes a foundation for future telepathology and artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic platforms. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25890.