Same-session hybrid surgery for multifocal glioblastoma: integrating open resection with laser interstitial thermal therapy. Illustrative cases

A hybrid approach combining resection and LITT can safely achieve extensive cytoreduction in multifocal GBM while avoiding multiple craniotomies. Same-session strategies eliminate repeat anesthesia exposure and expedite adjuvant therapy initiation. Real-time MRI thermography allows safe ablation of eloquently located lesions. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25940.