Exploring How Alternative History can merge different perspectives regarding Ethical Responsibility

This paper examines two distant, yet complementary research approaches presented at the 4th international Conference of 'What if?...' World History 24/25, held at University of Vigo, dedicated to the theme of Ethical Responsibility. These presented works explore how alternative historical scenarios can contribute to contemporary ethical debate., with one focusing the hypothetical consequences of the complete success of the artistic avant-garde movements and their lasting social and moral impact, while the other investigates both counterfactual and historical evidence of gender inequality, with particular attention to Olympe de Gouges and the struggle for women’s rights. Together, these perspectives highlight the connection between imaginative historical thinking and ethical reflection, suggesting ways in which history may inform the development of more responsible and equitable social frameworks