Bamboo worm collection activity and the changes in rural livelihoods in Yunnan Province, China

This study provides an ethnobiological case demonstrating that the persistence of traditional, low-return practices like bamboo worm collection relies on socio-cultural embeddedness rather than economic return. Therefore, effective conservation should prioritize sustaining these embedded conditions, for instance, by incorporating the maintenance of multi-use bamboo stands near settlements into local land-use planning.