Emerging complexities of phospholipid metabolism in adipose tissue

Adipose tissue centrally regulates lipid homeostasis through its robust metabolic flexibility in response to nutritional states and environmental cues. Adipose lipid metabolism has been studied primarily from a neutral lipid-centric perspective; however, advances in lipid research technologies are beginning to uncover the critical roles of polar lipids in adipose tissue function. Here, we review emerging roles of phospholipid metabolism, particularly phospholipid biosynthesis, remodeling through the Lands' cycle, and lysophospholipid signaling in adipocytes. Understanding the complexities of phospholipid metabolism in adipose tissue opens new avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting obesity and metabolic disorders.