Potential survival strategies of novel comammox and nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospira synthesizing osmoprotectants in a wastewater microbiome treating high-ammonia brackish landfill leachate

The discovery of novel comammox Nitrospira and canonical Nitrospira forming a new sub-lineage within lineage VII of the Nitrospira genus in an ammonia-rich brackish environment provides the first genomic evidence for evolutionary adaptation among nitrifiers to saline, methanol-fed environments. These findings enhance our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary dynamics shaping nitrifier communities in complex treatment ecosystems. Video Abstract.