Integrating liquid biopsy and mutational signatures to advance precision oncology

The effective application of precision oncology in solid tumors remains challenging due to genetic heterogeneity and the absence of actionable alterations in some cancers. In this review, we discuss the integration of liquid biopsy and mutational signatures as a potential framework to address these limitations by enabling longitudinal detection of mutational processes that arise during tumor development and evolution. Together, these complementary approaches hold substantial promise for enhancing cancer screening, refining diagnosis, and guiding personalized therapeutic strategies, thereby advancing the field of precision oncology.