Multi‐energy microgrids for integrated renewable water supply in off‐grid regions

Abstract Reliable access to clean water and electricity remains a dangerous challenge for off‐grid and remote regions, mainly in areas with harsh climatic conditions. This study presents a multi‐energy microgrid framework that incorporates renewable energy generation with water pumping and treatment systems to address the water–energy nexus in resource‐constrained communities. A hybrid solar photovoltaic (18 kWp) and wind (10 kW) energy system, reinforced by 40 kWh battery storage and 25 m 3 water storage, is modeled and improved for a high‐altitude case study in Ladakh, India. An Integrated Renewable Water‐Energy Optimization (IRWEO) framework is recognized to equally accomplish energy and water demands, while a Dynamic Storage and Pumping Management (DSPM) strategy schedules battery use and water pumping based on renewable availability and demand predictions. The improved microgrid delivers 50.4 kWh/day electricity and 2.9 m 3 /day water with 99.1% reliability, accomplishing 97% renewable energy penetration, reducing CO 2 emissions by 93.8%, and preserving a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of USD 0.19/kWh. Hourly simulations over 1 year, combined with sensitivity and ablation analyses, authorize the robustness of the framework under ±20% variation in solar and wind resources and ±30% variation in battery costs. These results authorize improved renewable utilization, reduced operational costs, and high water supply reliability compared to conventional hybrid microgrid configurations. The recommended framework proposes a scalable and sustainable solution for integrated energy–water arrangement in off‐grid regions. Future work will discover AI‐based predictive control, hydrogen storage, and demand‐side management to further enlarge system efficiency, resilience, and sustainability.