Role of the Transcranial Doppler Bubble Test in the Diagnostic Pathway of a Patent Foramen Ovale in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
In patients with ESUS, the TCD bubble test provides valuable clinical information that corrects diagnostic errors and directly influences secondary prevention strategies. By guiding the use and interpretation of TEE and supporting personalized treatment decisions, TCD acts as an effective first-line screening and gatekeeper tool in ESUS diagnostic pathways.
Authors
- Salma Bellakhdar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4580-2774)
- Kamal Haddouali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5656-8669)
- Manal Khalfi
- Hajar Khattab
- Mohammed Abdoh Rafai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-7499)
- Hajar El Omari
- Asmae Sikkal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3774-5704)
- Hicham El Otmani
- Bouchra El Moutawakil
Institutions
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd (MA)
- University of Hassan II Casablanca (MA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Cureus
- Published
- 2026-02-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.104051
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00