Assessment on Knowledge and Preventive Practice of Cholera Infection among Residents of Selected Local Government Areas of Oyo State Nigeria

Abstract This study investigated the knowledge and preventive practices related to cholera among residents of Ido and Egbeda Local Government Areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional descriptive survey design, data were collected from 440 residents selected through a multistage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire assessed socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of cholera infection, and preventive practices. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Findings revealed that general awareness of cholera among residents was relatively high; however, important gaps existed in technical and practical knowledge, particularly regarding appropriate treatment options, vaccination, and comprehensive prevention strategies. While many respondents recognised basic preventive measures such as boiling water, washing vegetables, and maintaining environmental sanitation, a substantial proportion still lacked accurate and actionable information. Preventive practices were generally moderate, with strong adherence to waste disposal and food hygiene behaviours, but notable inconsistencies were observed in critical practices such as regular handwashing with soap, use of protective equipment when handling waste, and prompt reporting of suspected cases to health facilities. A statistically significant, though weak, positive relationship was found between knowledge and preventive practice, indicating that higher knowledge tends to promote better behaviour, but is not sufficient on its own. The study concludes that broad awareness does not automatically translate into effective preventive action. Targeted, context-sensitive health education that emphasizes practical skills, correct treatment pathways, and sustained behaviour change is essential for strengthening community preparedness and reducing cholera transmission in the study areas. Keywords: Cholera; Knowledge; Preventive practices; Public health; Community health,