Advanced Aerogels for High‐Efficiency Electromagnetic Wave Shielding and Absorption

ABSTRACT Aerogels, ultralight materials known for their interconnected nanostructures, high porosity, and large surface area, are emerging as highly promising candidates for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption and shielding. In an era dominated by electronic devices, managing electromagnetic interference is critical for reliability, data security, and health. This work comprehensively reviews the latest advancements in aerogels for EMW management. We systematically analyze the synthesis, microstructure, and performance of the primary aerogel families, including ceramic‐based, carbon‐based, metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐derived, and polymer‐based composites, highlighting the unique advantages each system offers, ranging from the high‐temperature stability of ceramic aerogels and the high conductivity of carbon aerogels, to the compositional tunability of MOF‐derived systems and the mechanical flexibility of polymer composites. Key research gaps are identified, particularly the challenge of achieving broad bandwidth and low reflection. Finally, we provide a future outlook on emerging trends, including 3D‐printed gradient materials and “smart” aerogels with dynamically tunable properties, offering guidance for the development of next‐generation, high‐performance EMW‐compatible materials.