Magnetic bioactive glass-modified PMMA bone cement for osteogenesis and magnetothermal-triggered tumor ablation

Schematic strategies of PMBG bone cement : Conventional PMMA is associated with risks of aseptic loosening and tumor recurrence. In contrast, PMBG regulates osteogenic differentiation through the dynamic release of osteogenic ions, improved surface hydrophilicity, and an optimized microporous architecture. Under an AMF, PMBG further induces a mild hyperthermic effect for precise thermal ablation of osteosarcoma cells, achieving the integrated therapeutic outcome of bone repair–tumor suppression. • PMBG with optimized microporous structure enhances the mechanical and magnetothermal properties. • The favorable cell adhesion and osteogenic activity of PMBG effectively improve integration at the material‑bone interface. • Under an alternating magnetic field, PMBG elevates in vivo temperature to 42.5°C, enabling the precise and safe ablation of deep-seated osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Conventional treatment relies on surgical resection followed by Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement filling. However, the bioinertness of PMMA and the inhibitory microenvironment often suppress the bone repair and eradication of OS. In this study, the PMMA modified with magnetic bioactive glass (PMBG) was synthesized with favorable mechanical properties and multiple biological functions. Through the incorporation of magnetic bioactive glass (MBG), PMBG enabled the sustained release of Ca 2+ , enhanced surface hydrophilicity and optimized the microporous architecture of the PMMA, which promoted the adhesion and differentiation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, leveraging its favorable magnetothermal properties, PMBG demonstrated promising potential for mild hyperthermia treatment against tumor cells. Consequently, it enhanced osseointegration in bone defects and achieved effective tumor ablation in vivo. The present study provides a unique bioactive bone cement as a promising alternative strategy for the bone repair in weight-bearing regions after tumor resection.