Pharmacological Potential and Medicinal Applications of Substituted Tetrazole Analogs (A Review)

The pharmaceutical industry makes considerable use of the nitrogen-rich ring structure because of its numerous biological, pharmacological, and therapeutic uses. Tetrazole and related compounds are exciting bioactive heterocyclic molecules because of their many biological effects, which include antitubercular, anticancer, antimalarial, antidiabetic, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-obesity, and relief from disorders of the central nervous system and sexual dysfunction. Tetrazole, a bioisostere of the carboxylic acid group, can be used in place of the carboxyl group in medication to improve its lipophilicity, increase its bioavailability, and lessen its adverse effects. Several compounds containing tetrazole have been employed in the treatment of several medical conditions, mainly because of their superior pharmacokinetic profile and metabolic stability. As a result, this heterocyclic tetrazole moiety can be regarded as a crucial pharmacophore in the creation of novel medications due to its excellent biological, pharmacological, and therapeutic uses. There are numerous methods for synthesizing distinct tetrazole derivatives, as well as a range of biological, pharmacological, and therapeutic uses that can help advance tetrazole derivative research and development.