Electrochromic and Photoelectric Response Properties of Quercetin-Functionalized Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanofilms

Insufficient interfacial coordination in organic–inorganic hybrid thin films limits electrochromic stability and photoelectric response intensity. To address this issue, this paper introduces the quercetinmetal ion coordination-induced self-assembly (LICA) method. This method utilizes the hydroxyl groups of quercetin polyphenols to form a directional coordination framework with metal ions of specific valence states. A time-resolved electrochromic spectral inversion model (TE-ESIM) is used to perform parameter inversion on transient absorption signals at different potentials during film formation, thereby controlling the energy level matching and interfacial transport paths of the coordination network in real time. This results in functionalized hybrid nanofilms with ordered structures and continuous electronion coupling transport. Experimental results show that, under the optimal 2:1 coordination ratio and an electrochemical field of 100 V · cm −1 , the surface roughness of the film is reduced to 1.5 nm, the average pore size is shrunk to 4.9 nm, and the structural order is significantly improved. TE-ESIM inversion results show that the electron mobility rate constant reaches 7.9 × 10 5 s −1 , and the ion diffusion coefficient reaches 9.8 × 10 −7 cm 2 · s −1 , indicating a significant enhancement in interfacial electronion coupling transport efficiency. In electrochromic testing, the transmittance at 550 nm rapidly decreases from 85.2% to 6.5% within 1.5 s, and maintains a transmittance retention of 93.0% after 10 4 cycles, demonstrating a substantial improvement in electro-optical stability. These results indicate that this strategy achieves the synergistic construction of the interfacial structure and precise control of electro-optical behavior, providing an effective approach for the design of high-performance electrochromic and optoelectronic functional films.