Bidirectional regulation between bone and vasculature: Mechanisms of osteogenesis and angiogenesis

This review aims to dissect the molecular networks of bone-vascular crosstalk, clarify its physiological/pathological regulatory mechanisms, emphasize the therapeutic value of targeting the vascular microenvironment, and provide perspectives for bone disease translational research. Key Scientific Concepts of Review: This work discusses bone-vascular interactions in normal and diseased states, highlighting that osteogenic cells regulate angiogenesis via VEGF/PDGF/miRNAs, while vascular endothelial cells modulate osteogenesis through BMP-SMAD/Notch/HIF pathways. Targeting this crosstalk can intervene in bone pathologies, laying a foundation for precision therapies for bone diseases.