Innovative architectural solutions for elderly care in Erbil: enhancing functionality and psychological well-being

Purpose Architectural innovation to enhance functionality and mental well-being in elder care buildings is a topic of this study, which is illustrated through the case study of Sheikh Baz Al Barzenji Elderly Center in Erbil. The majority of the buildings today are not developed with accessibility, flexibility and emotional well-being strategies. This paper aims to synthesize global innovations with local needs through pragmatic, culturally responsive solutions. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative case study design involving semistructured interviews of residents, caregivers and architects. Field observation measured spatial organization, accessibility and environmental impact. Comparative analysis likened design strategies in other old-age care homes to establish best practices and areas for improvement. Findings Innovative design features biophilic design, modular systems, smart solutions and sustainable materials − embellishing senior care environments. Results confirm that context-driven design interventions guarantee functionality and well-being, dignity and inclusivity for elderly residents of Erbil. Research limitations/implications This is a single-case study, and generalizability is limited. Future studies should investigate varied facilities to test and extend the suggested design strategies. Practical implications This study provides practical suggestions to policymakers and architects on how to improve elderly care facilities with better accessibility, adaptability and sustainability. Social implications An enabling and inclusive care environment for older people encourages aging in place, social inclusion and improved quality of life, fostering cultural identity and social engagement. Originality/value This research adds to geriatric care architecture through the integration of the world’s best practice and cultural specificity. It offers an adaptable model for facilities in similar sociocultural and environmental contexts, and so makes Erbil a model city for inclusive and sustainable elderly care design.