Physics-informed analytical wake model capturing asymmetry in yawed wind turbines

Under yawed conditions, the non-zero lateral component of the rotor thrust force plays a critical role in wake dynamics. This force not only deflects the wake but also contributes to its distortion. However, most of the prevailing analytical wake models fail to accurately capture yaw-induced asymmetry. This study begins by deriving the governing flow equations and applies the momentum integral conservation principle to establish a theoretical relationship between the asymmetry coefficient and the yaw angle. This relationship is derived by incorporating an asymmetry parameter into the Gaussian distribution function for the wake velocity deficit. Subsequently, wind tunnel experimental data are used to determine the relevant coefficients, enabling the development of an asymmetry function for the wake velocity deficit profile. This led to the development of a novel analytical wake model for yawed rotors. The proposed model is then validated against wind tunnel experimental data, and comparisons with the existing analytical wake models demonstrate that it provides a significantly more accurate representation of the asymmetry in the wake of a yawed wind turbine. The proposed model enhances the understanding of the wake characteristics of yawed wind turbines and improves its practical applicability in engineering contexts.