Intelligent nano‐platforms in breast cancer therapy: Current advances and future perspectives

Abstract Nowadays, one of the most important and common causes of death among women is breast cancer. Although a number of traditional treatments for this disease are common, they are associated with problems such as extensive side effects, development of drug resistance, and disease recurrence. So far, significant progress has been made in the field of nanotechnology, but comprehensive and comparative studies have not been conducted to identify the best new drug delivery methods. Several targeted and intelligent systems such as nanocarriers, hydrogel scaffolds, mesoporous nanoparticles, and aptamer‐based platforms were systematically reviewed in this work. These systems can release drugs selectively using active and passive targeting mechanisms as well as in response to environmental stimuli, including hydrogen potential (pH), temperature changes, and enzymatic activity. These features prevent damage to healthy tissues. Furthermore, when these systems are combined with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, it enables better prediction of treatment response, personalization of drug dosage, and optimization of drug delivery route. Studies have shown that targeted liposomes, hydrogel scaffolds, and drug‐resistant nanoparticles can greatly enhance treatment efficacy, in addition to reducing systemic toxicity. On the other hand, AI‐based systems demonstrated the highest level of accuracy in targeting and responding to environmental conditions. These findings could open up a promising prospect of minimally invasive, personalized, and low‐toxicity treatments for breast cancer, and also provide great potential to improve the quality of life of patients in the future.