Data from long-term experiments in temperate croplands to evaluate soil organic carbon models

Soil organic carbon (SOC) models need independent evaluation against field measurements, but those latter are rarely publicly available and harmonized. In this study, we collected and shared data from 167 agronomic treatments in 34 agronomic long-term experiments (LTEs) located in temperate croplands, allowing the evaluation of several soil organic C models such as RothC, Century, AMG, MIMICS, ICBM, Millenial, and CTOOL. The dataset includes climate data, soil properties, C inputs from crops (n = 4588 records) and organic amendments, irrigation data, monthly soil cover, as well as SOC stock measurements in the topsoil layer (n = 1328 records). Climate, soil moisture, and soil temperature data were extracted from daily climate databases. Carbon inputs from crops were calculated from observed yields and harvest index, with some harvest index values estimated, combined with crop allometric coefficients from the literature. Descriptions of LTE, agronomic treatments, methodological metadata, and a part of the code, accompanies the dataset. The dataset can be reused to evaluate single SOC models, or to evaluate an ensemble of models.

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Publication Details

Journal
Scientific Data
Published
2026-02-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-06863-7
Primary Topic
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Type
article
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article

Data from long-term experiments in temperate croplands to evaluate soil organic carbon models

Nadia I. Maaroufi, Marcus Schiedung, Bénédicte Autret, Camille Resseguier et al.
Scientific Data
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
article

Data from long-term experiments in temperate croplands to evaluate soil organic carbon models

Nadia I. Maaroufi, Marcus Schiedung, Bénédicte Autret, Camille Resseguier, Jonathan Sanderman, Pierre Barré, Ines Merbach, Hugues Clivot, B Bertier, Gilles Grandeau, Sylvain Pellerin, Christophe Montagnier, Antoine Versini, Kenji Fujisaki, Sébastien Darras, Alicia Irizar, L. Pasquier, Arnaud Butier, M. J. Glendining, Martin A. Bolinder, Manon Gilles, Marie-Noël Mistou, Elisa Bruni, Bruno Mary, Alice Cadero, Fabien Ecalle, Luis Milesi, Françoise Vertès, Antoine Savoie, Andrew S. Gregory, Vincent Cellier, François Baudin, Claire Chenu, Abad Chabbi, Thierry Morvan, Christian Pichot, Johannes L. Jensen, Michel Bertrand, Manuel P. Martin, Bertrand Guenet, Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy, Anne-Isabelle Graux, Florent Levavasseur, Guillaume Audebert, Gilles Tison, Thierry Doré, Alain Mollier, Christopher Poeplau, Jørgen Eriksen, Nicolas Beaudoin, Adriàn Andriulo
article en

Abstract

Soil organic carbon (SOC) models need independent evaluation against field measurements, but those latter are rarely publicly available and harmonized. In this study, we collected and shared data from 167 agronomic treatments in 34 agronomic long-term experiments (LTEs) located in temperate croplands, allowing the evaluation of several soil organic C models such as RothC, Century, AMG, MIMICS, ICBM, Millenial, and CTOOL. The dataset includes climate data, soil properties, C inputs from crops (n = 4588 records) and organic amendments, irrigation data, monthly soil cover, as well as SOC stock measurements in the topsoil layer (n = 1328 records). Climate, soil moisture, and soil temperature data were extracted from daily climate databases. Carbon inputs from crops were calculated from observed yields and harvest index, with some harvest index values estimated, combined with crop allometric coefficients from the literature. Descriptions of LTE, agronomic treatments, methodological metadata, and a part of the code, accompanies the dataset. The dataset can be reused to evaluate single SOC models, or to evaluate an ensemble of models.

Scientific DataVol. 13(1)
ASTER (CA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (FR), Woodwell Climate Research Center (US), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (MA), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (DE), ParisTech (FR), Pertamina (Indonesia) (ID), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (FR), Université de Montpellier (FR), Aarhus University (DK), AgroParisTech (FR), Université de Lille (FR), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), Rothamsted Research (GB), École Normale Supérieure - PSL (FR), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE), Sorbonne Université (FR), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (FR), Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie (FR), Ecologie fonctionnelle & biogéochimie des sols & des agro-systèmes (FR), Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut (DE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage (FR), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (FR), Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (FR), École Normale Supérieure (BI), Gouvernance, Risque, Environnement, Développement (FR), Écologie Fonctionnelle et Écotoxicologie des Agroécosystèmes (FR), Département Santé Animale (FR), Colmar Inra Research Centre (FR), Écologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (FR), Biologie des oiseaux et aviculture (FR), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (FR), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (FR), Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie (FR), Institut Agro Montpelier (FR), Soil Science Research Unit (FR), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (FR), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (FR), Laboratoire de Géologie de l’École Normale Supérieure (FR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (FR), L'Institut Agro (FR), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (FR), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (FR)
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Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
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