Station-level electromechanical transient modeling of grid-connected electrochemical energy storage systems

The integration of large-scale electrochemical energy storage (EES) systems significantly influences power grid dynamics and stability. While extensive research has addressed control strategies for individual storage units, comprehensive station-level modeling approaches for grid applications remain insufficient. This paper presents a novel electromechanical transient simulation architecture for grid-connected EES stations. The proposed architecture incorporates three hierarchical modeling layers: battery equivalent representation, system-level power control, and station-level power management. The model considering critical elements including station level frequency regulation, voltage regulation, fault ride-through control, current limitation control, and SOC management, thus significantly enhancing the model's comprehensiveness and accuracy. Validation through regional power system case studies demonstrates that the proposed model effectively captures the grid-integration characteristics of EES stations and their grid support capabilities, offering effective support for stability analysis of large-scale EES grid integration.