Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pharmacy students and graduates regarding artificial intelligence in healthcare: a multi-regional cross-sectional study predominantly from the Asir region of Saudi Arabia

In this multi-regional convenience sample, predominantly representing the Asir region (60.1%), pharmacy students and graduates demonstrated high awareness of artificial intelligence but limited practical utilization, indicating a persistent awareness-practice gap. Given the predominance of respondents from the Asir region, the regional findings should be interpreted as exploratory and are not nationally representative. Nevertheless, the results highlight the need for structured curricular integration of AI education, including formal AI literacy training, ethical guidance, and supervised exposure to AI-based tools, to promote consistent and responsible adoption across pharmacy education and practice in Saudi Arabia.