From labels to land: information acquisition and precautionary behaviors of pesticide use in India

Abstract This study examines pesticide use among Indian farmers, focusing on information acquisition and precautionary behaviors during pesticide purchase and use. Using qualitative and quantitative data, the findings reveal widespread misuse of chemical pesticides, driven by seller influence, credit dependence, behavioral inertia, and limited comprehension of label information. Many farmers rarely read dosage instructions or recognize toxicity, leading to improper application. Discomfort with protective gear and low awareness of health risks further heighten their vulnerability. These practices contribute to soil degradation, water contamination, and biodiversity loss, undermining several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study highlights the urgent need for targeted policy interventions, including strengthened agricultural extension services and improved farmer education to support informed decision-making. Expanding access to non-synthetic pesticide subsidies, improving organic input distribution, and promoting sustainable practices like Integrated Pest Management (IPM) are also critical steps toward safer and more sustainable pesticide use in India.