A localized, culturally responsive online English proficiency test for ASEAN+3 (including China, Japan, and South Korea): development and validation of UB-TEP

This study presents the development and validation of the Universitas Brawijaya Test of English Proficiency (UB-TEP), a localized online English proficiency test designed for academics and professionals across ASEAN + 3 countries (with China, Japan, and South Korea). UB-TEP was developed to address limitations of global standardized English tests such as TOEFL and IELTS, which primarily rely on native English speaker (NES) norms that often lack contextual relevance for non-native English speakers (NNES). With bases of Global Englishes theory and Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) standards, UB-TEP integrates ASEAN + 3 sociocultural elements and aims to provide an assessment model with greater inclusivity and context sensitivity. This research employed a modified Borg & Gall R&D approach, encompassing needs analysis, prototype development, expert validation, and field testing with 121 undergraduate students in Bali, Indonesia. Instrument validity was measured using Point Biserial correlation, and reliability was assessed through the Guttman Split-Half method. Expert validation results showed strong content validity (94.16%) and high system reliability (94.73%). Field data highlighted ease of access, user satisfaction, and alignment with communicative competence goals. This study presents a culturally grounded potential alternative to international English tests, with practical implications for localized assessment, equitable education, and regional language policy.