Applications of epidemiologic transition theory to modern infectious disease medicine and epidemiology

Potential theoretical and practical benefits of greater adoption of ETT include experimental therapies for infectious diseases and CIDs anchored in evolutionary medicine; policy and practical guidance for reducing youth and maternal mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); better comprehension of both early life exposure to environmental microbes' role in differential vulnerability to CIDs and infectious diseases, and vaccine efficacy, and the interplay between survival of pandemic disease and differential vulnerability to CIDs; and historical drivers of vaccine hesitancy in high income countries (HICs).