The role of social media in community natural hazards communication: a scoping review

Abstract Aim The aim of this scoping review is to understand how local communities use social media during natural hazards. Subject and methods Social media has reshaped how information is shared and received in emergencies, becoming a vital tool in Australia where bushfires, floods, cyclones, and heatwaves are increasingly frequent and severe. These platforms enable real-time information dissemination, support coordination among individuals and organisations, and foster connectedness and emotional support. Guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist, we reviewed 14 studies. Results Community use of social media was categorised into three phases: before, during, and after events. Before hazards, people monitor evolving conditions, share weather updates, and express anxiety and concern. During events, users seek safety information, post first-hand reports, offer emotional and practical support, and share feelings of fear, anger, or trauma. After events, communities coordinate recovery, disseminate health and safety guidance, raise funds, and call for political accountability, particularly regarding climate change. Conclusion Findings from this review reinforce the argument that social media is not merely a passive information tool but an active agent in a natural hazards public health response.