Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vocal Health Conditions and Associated Factors in Teachers: An Integrative Review

Introduction: Musculoskeletal and voice disorders are common among teachers. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in these workers can reach 77.9%. In addition, they suffer from voice disorder two or three times more often than the general population. The aim of this study is to recognize musculoskeletal disorders, vocal health conditions, and associated factors present in teachers. Material and methods: An integrative review with a comprehensive search of literature was carried out in seven databases: Embase, Medline Complete, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science. Articles published in Spanish, English and Portuguese related to the topic of interest were considered. Results: The two studies that met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this review were conducted in Brazil. According to the results of the studies included, teachers are a population at risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders and voice disorders. Teachers with or without voice disorders report musculoskeletal pain in all body regions. Conclusions: Teachers are a profession with a high prevalence of musculoskeletal and voice disorders, but little is known about this relationship. Therefore, more research is needed to understand the behavior of occupational risk factors that can generate these problems during their daily activities to prevent possible occupational diseases through actions in safety and health at work.