Organic Semiconductor Spintronics for Spin Logic through Multifield Coupling

Organic spintronics couples charge transport to spin polarization and magnetization, producing spin-dependent resistance and offering a route to low-energy logic and memory on flexible platforms. Organic semiconductors have been shown to support nontunneling spin transport at room temperature, providing a practical window for spin manipulation. Moreover, their resistance can be modulated by magnetic, electric, optical, acoustic, mechanical, and thermal stimuli, providing a materials basis for multifield coupling strategies that control spintronic device operation. This review surveys coupling between magnetism and other physical stimuli in organic systems, including both demonstrated device effects and prospective concepts, covering organic spin valves, spin field effect transistors, ferroelectric spin valves, spin organic electrochemical transistors, spin organic photovoltaics, spin organic light-emitting diodes, chiral induced spin selectivity elements, surface acoustic wave devices, and spin Seebeck injection at room temperature. This review discusses key difficulties in implementing multifield coupled control in organic semiconductors, including metal penetration, conductance mismatch, weak Rashba fields, interface spin memory loss, and electrolyte-driven drift. Open problems are also identified in field-free write schemes, acoustic spin pumping into organics, and phase-coherent control. By systematically assessing how multiple external fields modulate spin injection and transport in organic semiconductors, this review aims to inform the design and optimization of organic spin-logic devices and to accelerate progress toward practical implementations.