Substance Use in Sports: A Cross‐Sectional Study Among Professional Footballers in Accra, Ghana

Participants in this study reported high usage of caffeine and low usage of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine. There was also low dependence on these substances. Pleasure or recreational use was the commonest reason for substance use. Caffeine was most popularly used for energy. Health education, counselling, and scheduled substance use monitoring of athletes are necessary to prevent inadvertent use, maintain low levels and prevent progression to high-risk use.