Single-cell sequencing reveals reversible glial remodeling in the visual cortex during visual deprivation and recovery

This study demonstrates that non-neuronal cells in the visual cortex, which include microglia and oligodendrocytes, undergo extensive yet reversible reprogramming in response to changes in visual input. These findings highlight a dynamic microglia-oligodendrocyte axis as a critical cellular mechanism underlying cortical plasticity in myopia, suggesting potential molecular targets for visual rehabilitation strategies.