Wavelength‐Multiplexed PUFs Through Single‐Host Multicolor Switching in Cs <sub>2</sub> NaTbCl <sub>6</sub> : Eu <sup>3+</sup> Double Perovskites
Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) based on multi-wavelength emission hold significant promise for advancing high-capacity hardware security by harnessing intrinsic physical randomness. However, achieving spectrally isolated multi-channel emission within a single matrix remains a daunting challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a single matrix platform using Cs<sub>2</sub>NaTbCl<sub>6</sub>: Eu<sup>3+</sup> double perovskite that enables excitation-programmable multicolor switching through orthogonal optical activation of Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Eu<sup>3+</sup> centers. This monolithic system exhibits dominant green emission (Tb<sup>3+</sup>: <sup>5</sup>D<sub>4</sub>→<sup>7</sup>F<sub>5, 6</sub>) under 275 nm excitation, while selective red emission (Eu<sup>3+</sup>: <sup>5</sup>D<sub>0</sub>→<sup>7</sup>F<sub>1, 2</sub>) under 310 nm excitation, and distinct yellow emission under 275/310 nm co-stimulation. This unique behavior arises from well-separated excitation pathways, weak interionic interactions, and suppressed concentration quenching via the large Spacing of rare earth ions and low phonon energy. Leveraging this unique single-host multiplexing capability, we develop a wavelength-division multiplexing PUF (WDM-PUF) featuring simplified information carriers, unprecedented encoding dimensions, and a near-zero false negative rate through RGY/octal spectral-channel encoding. Its flexible encoding method and operational simplicity enable its application in color image encryption and programmable information transmission, along with smartphone-compatible authentication functionality. Our work establishes a new paradigm in optical encryption with wavelength-multiplexed capacity in a single emissive platform, opening avenues for ultra-secure anti-counterfeiting technologies.
Authors
- Nan Ding
- Xinyao Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-3395)
- Lu Dong
- He Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-9777)
- Yuhan Jing
- Ge Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5215-3488)
- Fuhang Jiao
- Yanan Ji
- Bin Dong
- Jingyu Shang
- Wen Xu
Institutions
- Ministry of Education (NZ)
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (CN)
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission (CN)
- Zhengzhou University (CN)
- North West Agriculture and Forestry University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Advanced Materials
- Published
- 2026-02-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202515271
- Primary Topic
- Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00