Invasive Hemodynamics Reveal Hidden Risk in Ambulatory Patients with Heart Failure

Despite decades of therapeutic advances, heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, underscoring the need for refined tools to identify patients at highest risk for adverse outcomes. Although HF remains a syndrome defined by clinical signs and symptoms, it is characterized fundamentally by deranged hemodynamics. In ambulatory patients with HF, invasive hemodynamic assessment provides insight into disease severity and trajectory beyond what is apparent from symptoms alone.