Fish Species Diversity, Size Distribution and Conservation Status in the Community‐Managed Fish Spawning Sites Located in the Shallow Lakes of Chilwa and Chiuta, Malawi

ABSTRACT This study investigated the ecological significance of community‐managed spawning sites in Lakes Chilwa and Chiuta catchments in Malawi. The study was conducted to generate usable information that guides fisheries conservation and management efforts by determining fish species diversity, population structure and conservation status. Five spawning sites (Chitundu, Nambala, Nansato, Bowo and Zakwere) were monitored, and fish were sampled using open seine nets. Several techniques and statistical tools were deployed in the sampling, data entry and analyses. A total of nine species were recorded, with cyprinids dominating the catch (79.3%). Enteromius paludinosus was the most abundant species (57.8%) among the fish species sampled. Fish diversity was generally low, with Shannon‐Weiner diversity indices ranging from 0.14 to 0.87. Most of the dominating E. paludinosus were not sexually mature by the time of sampling. Among the species recorded, Oreochromis mossambicus was the only species classified as vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List. The study demonstrated that the identified spawning sites were indeed the spawning sites of fish species, particularly the E. paludinosus . These findings emphasize the need for enhanced regulatory measures through the development of ecosystem‐based management plans that include stricter enforcement of no‐fishing policies and the use of sustainable fishing gears to protect juvenile fish and ensure the long‐term sustainability of fisheries. This study revealed the potential of community‐based fisheries management (CBFM) in conserving vital spawning grounds and promoting ecosystem resilience.