Characterization of mine tailings and utilization as partial replacement of cement

Mine tailings (MT) are industrial wastes that are generated in large amounts by the mining industry, and their improper management could result in a detrimental impact on the environment. This paper presents the findings from the utilization of MT as a replacement for portland cement (PC) in the development of cementitious composites. In this study, MT from nickel/cobalt mine was characterized and used to replace PC by up to 75% by weight. The impact of the MT was evaluated in terms of various microstructural assessments in addition to the physical, mechanical and durability characteristics. Results from this study revealed that the optimal dosage of MT to replace PC without any significant reduction in performance is 10%. However, depending on the construction application, MT can be used up to 75%. The use of silica fume (SF) as an additive with MT as a 25% replacement of PC was also found to be effective in improving the performance of the composites. • Mine tailings (MT) were used to replace up to 75% of Portland cement (PC) in cementitious composites. • Optimal performance was achieved with 10% MT replacement without significant strength loss. • Silica fume (SF) addition enhanced composite performance at 25% MT replacement. • Comprehensive evaluation included microstructural, physical, mechanical, and durability properties.