The longitudinal dynamics of the trade-off between environmental consciousness and economic growth

Abstract This study explores the dynamics of environmental consciousness in relation to economic growth, emphasizing the influence of demographic, socio-economic, and religious factors on individual and collective attitudes toward sustainability. Utilizing longitudinal data from the World Values Survey (1995–2022) comprising a total sample of 408,623 respondents across diverse countries and cultures, the research uncovers significant variations over time and across regions using logistic regression analysis . The findings highlight the critical roles of education, institutional trust in environmental movements, and financial stability in fostering pro-environmental attitudes, while revealing complex relationships such as the positive influence of certain religious traditions and the challenges posed by others, along with significant gender differences, non-linear age effects, and the impact of ethnic diversity on environmental engagement. By addressing these intricate interconnections, the study bridges gaps in the literature and provides actionable insights for policymakers and advocates, offering culturally sensitive and economically inclusive strategies to advance global sustainability and achieve meaningful progress toward ecological resilience.