International Artificial Intelligence Law to the Test of Surveillance

This paper takes a broad look at the privacy implications of emerging supranational frameworks on artificial intelligence (AI), taking AI-driven surveillance by the private and public sectors as a case example of privacy-adverse practices. To do so, this paper first examines the relationship between AI technologies and surveillance practices, highlighting the privacy risks raised by corporate surveillance and state surveillance. The paper then recalls the scope and content of privacy, before pinpointing remaining gaps in emerging frameworks on AI that stand in the way of achieving robust privacy guarantees in the context of AI-driven surveillance.