Efficiency‐Enhanced HIE‐FDTD With Nonuniform Grid and CPML

ABSTRACT To achieve efficient modeling of unidirectional fine structure and accurate analysis of far‐field characteristics, a practical scheme applying the nonuniform grid (NG) and convolution perfectly matched layer (CPML) in the hybrid implicit‐explicit (HIE) finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method is investigated. The numerical stability of the proposed method is rigorously demonstrated analytically, and its effectiveness is verified by simulation analysis and experimental comparison of antenna examples. The computational efficiency is improved 16.7% compared to the HIE‐FDTD method, and memory usage is significantly reduced through targeted discretization with NG and stability maintenance via CPML.