Magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid flow with viscous dissipation: A study on heat and mass transfer

Abstract The combined effects of heat radiation and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)s on flow across a stretched sheet with viscous dissipation are the main focus of the computational study. A hybrid nanofluid made up of silver and MgO nanoparticles floating in water is used in the investigation. Fluid dynamics are impacted by the presence of a magnetic field, even though hybrid nanoparticles increase thermal conductivity, and heat transfer efficiency. The controlling partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using the proper similarity transformations. The MAPLE software and an estimated spectral Chebyshev collocation are then used to solve these equations. A systematic analysis and graphical presentation of the effects of different factors on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are provided. The results reveal that the application of a magnetic field suppresses the fluid velocity by approximately 25%–30% while increasing the temperature by nearly 15%–18%, due to resistive heating induced by Lorentz forces. An increase in the Prandtl number from 1.0 to 7.0 reduces the thermal boundary‐layer thickness by nearly 35%, indicating improved thermal control. A higher Eckert number enhances viscous dissipation, leading to a 10%–12% rise in wall temperature. Similarly, increasing the Schmidt number decreases solute concentration by about 20%–25%, reflecting reduced mass diffusivity. Porosity enhances momentum transport, while heat absorption diminishes concentration distribution. These findings provide light on the solutal and thermal behavior of hybrid nanofluids under electromagnetic influences, which may find use in cooling and thermal energy systems where efficient heat control is critical.