Association of ADIPOQ Gene Variants and Circulating Adiponectin Levels with Coronary Artery Disease Risk

BACKGROUND/AIMSCoronary artery disease (CAD) is a major international health issue, closely linked with obesity and its associated metabolic complications. Adiponectin, an adipokine involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, might contribute to the development of CAD. This study investigated the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ), rs2241766, rs1501299, and rs266729, with CAD and serum adiponectin levels in a Turkish cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 288 participants (150 CAD patients and 138 controls) were included. Serum adiponectin levels were measured, SNP genotyping was performed, and genotype-phenotype associations were evaluated using different genetic inheritance models. We also assessed the relationships among SNPs, adiponectin levels, and CAD risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value. RESULTS: Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in CAD patients. ROC analysis indicated limited diagnostic value (area under the curve=0.115, 95% confidence interval: 0.074-0.156). The rs2241766 SNP showed a significant association with CAD risk under three inheritance models. Moreover, the rs2241766 SNP was strongly associated with reduced adiponectin levels in risk allele carriers. CONCLUSION: The rs2241766 SNP in the ADIPOQ gene is significantly associated with both increased CAD risk and reduced serum adiponectin levels, suggesting its potential utility as a genetic biomarker. Additional studies are necessary to validate these findings in larger cohorts.