Numerical Simulation for the Heat Transfer Analysis of Dissipative Couple Stress Fluid using FDM

This study investigates heat transfer within the boundary layer of an incompressible couple-stress fluid flowing across a permeable, linearly stretching sheet. The analysis investigates the common effects of fluid properties and sheet permeability under the influence of a transverse static magnetic field. Heat transfer is modeled for a prescribed surface temperature condition. To reflect applications, such as magnetic material processing, the energy equation incorporates both viscous dissipation and the energy couple-stress phenomenon. The governing partial differential equations are converted into a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via similarity transformations. This boundary value problem is subsequently solved utilizing the finite difference method (FDM). The results characterize how key parameters influence the fluid’s velocity and temperature distributions. The accuracy of the numerical approach is validated through tabulated comparisons, demonstrating excellent agreement with established data. The results reveal that the Nusselt number increases with suction and Prandtl number, while skin friction rises with stronger suction, coupling stress, and magnetic field. The thermal field depends on heat generation and Eckert number, and the temperature profile is elevated at lower temperature index or Prandtl number values.