USING EXCESS ENERGY IN AIR BUBBLES THAT APPEAR FROM WATER

At present, phenomena are known whose existence cannot be explained without the assumption that some excess energy is involved. These phenomena occur both in nature and in man-made devices. The following five different cases have been identified in which excess energy is observed. 1. The presence of a motionless trout in a stream of a waterfall. 2. The appearance of excess energy in cavitation vortex heat generators used for heating rooms, 3. Appearance of the excess energy in the Rosch Innovation installation that operates without consuming energy from external sources, 4. Appearance of the excess energy in special passive siphons that pump water uphill, 5. Appearance of the excess energy in a water pipe with an additional empty container that increases the flow of water in the pipe. It has been shown that in all cases there is water with areas in which the water pressure is lower than atmospheric and there is a possibility of an appearance of bubbles from air dissolved in the water. All five phenomena mentioned above are explained under the assumption that excess energy in thermal form is generated in the air bubbles and is transformed, depending on external conditions, into either potential or kinetic energy of the water. Under the same assumption, several designs are given that generate excess energy for practical use. The question of the source of excess energy is deliberately left aside and considered in a separate publication. For the practical use of excess energy, this question is of no importance. I. I. Polzunov designed his steam engine without having any idea of the source of energy, since such a concept did not yet exist at that time. However, even without this concept, the machine was useful to people.