Current role of artificial intelligence in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review

AI has demonstrated significant promise in BPH management, offering enhanced diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment strategies, and improved patient engagement. However, challenges remain, including data heterogeneity, small and institution-specific datasets, and a lack of prospective validation studies. Ethical concerns, regulatory oversight, and physician trust also need to be addressed before widespread clinical adoption. Future research should focus on refining AI models through multi-institutional collaborations, developing standardized datasets, and conducting real-world validation studies. With continued advancements, AI has the potential to revolutionize BPH management, ultimately improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.