Topical film-forming systems for antifungal delivery: emerging strategies and in-depth evaluation

FFSs show superior benefits in treating superficial fungal infections by enhancing substantivity, providing sustained drug delivery, and improving adherence. Products such as single-application terbinafine films and novel nanocarrier - FFS hybrids demonstrate this potential. However, further standardized IVRT/IVPT clinical validation methods are needed to support wider adoption and ensure translation of laboratory findings into clinical outcomes.