Atraumatic splenic rupture due to metastatic lung cancer: A case report

Atraumatic splenic rupture is a rare, but potentially fatal condition typically associated with hematologic, infectious, or inflammatory diseases. Malignancy, particularly metastatic lung cancer, is an exceedingly rare cause. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are essential due to the risk of rebleeding and high association with mortality. We report a case of a patient with a known diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer who presented with persistent left flank pain, anemia, and imaging consistent with atraumatic splenic rupture. This patient underwent splenectomy, and pathological analysis confirmed the presence of metastatic lung cancer in the specimen. This case highlights the importance of considering atraumatic splenic rupture in oncology patients presenting with abdominal pain, even in the absence of trauma. Surgical intervention remains the mainstay of treatment in such pathology.