Palmitic acid activates c-Myc via dual palmitoylation-dependent pathways to promote colon cancer
c-Myc is broadly hyperactivated in colon cancer, yet the mechanisms sustaining its transcriptional activation remain elusive. Here we identify palmitic acid (PA) as a metabolite cue that activates c-Myc via dual palmitoylation-dependent pathways operating across tumor initiation and progression. In colitis models, PA-rich diets exacerbate inflammation and enrich MYC target programs without increasing Myc mRNA. Mechanistically, the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC9, upregulated by IL-1β, directly palmitoylates c-Myc at C171, enhancing c-Myc/MAX dimerization and transcriptional activity; genetic or pharmacologic inhibition diminishes c-Myc palmitoylation and target gene expression. During tumor progression, c-Myc transactivates FATP2, increasing PA uptake and reinforcing c-Myc palmitoylation, thereby establishing a feedforward loop and metabolic addiction to PA. Functionally, PA accelerates xenograft growth, whereas targeting ZDHHC9 and FATP2 inhibits c-Myc function to suppress tumor burden. These findings uncover metabolite-driven control of c-Myc through palmitoylation and highlight ZDHHC9/FATP2 as actionable vulnerabilities for colon cancer treatment.
Authors
- Yuexin Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8308-7858)
- Ji Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-6404)
- Meidan Ying
- Qiaojun He
- Bo Yang
- Minjun Li
- Wenxin Du
- Jianing Zhang
- Xuejing Shao
Institutions
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (CN)
- Zhejiang Lab (CN)
- Hangzhou City University
- Zhejiang University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Cell Discovery
- Published
- 2026-02-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-026-00869-6
- Primary Topic
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province