Construction and application of a BOPPPS-based clinical teaching model in the operating room: effects on surgical-team performance and patient safety

Implementation of the BOPPPS teaching model significantly enhances clinical competencies and reduces errors in OR nursing education within our single-center context. While these findings are promising, multi-site randomized trials are needed to establish generalizability. This structured approach offers a potential framework for improving surgical nursing education, though resource requirements may limit widespread adoption.