Correlation analysis of the systemic immune-inflammation index with preoperative lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with tibial fractures

This study aimed to explore the risk factors for preoperative lower extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients with tibial fractures, analyze the correlation and predictive value of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in DVT. This study retrospectively analyzed the preoperative clinical data of 366 patients with tibial fractures from 15/05/2022 to 15/04/2025.All patients underwent lower extremity venous ultrasound exam ination upon admission and before surgery to confirm the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), divided into the DVT group and the non-DVT group. Univariate analysis was performed on the data of the two groups, and variables with statistical differences in the univariate analysis were subjected to binary Logistic regression analysis to explore the risk factors for lower extremity DVT. Variables with statistical significance identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to construct a risk prediction model. Among the 366 patients with tibial fractures, 74 developed thrombosis, with a DVT incidence rate of 20.2%.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that Age > 40.5 years (OR = 5.784,95% CI 2.454–13.631), SII > 858.5(OR = 5.167,95% CI 2.136–12.495), D-dimer > 1.36 mg/L (OR = 3.179,95% CI 1.619–6.269)were independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in patients with tibial fractures (P < 0.05). The DVT prediction risk model showed an AUC of 0.872 (95%CI, 0.831 to 0.913), with a sensitivity of 0.878 and a specifcity of 0.701. The incidence of DVT is relatively high in patients with tibial fractures, Age > 40.5 years, SII > 858.5, D-dimer > 1.36 mg/L are high-risk factors for DVT in patients with tibial fractures. Clinically, attention should be paid to the relevant examination results of patients with the above factors, and timely prevention and treatment should be carried out.