Long-term cystatin C trajectories and cognitive decline in diabetes and non-diabetes: evidence from a national Chinese cohort

This study found that maintaining a low level of Cystatin C is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline in non-diabetic individuals, while in older individuals with diabetes, maintaining a low level of Cystatin C increases the risk of cognitive decline. These findings suggest that the long-term dynamic changes in Cystatin C can serve as a useful indicator for assessing the risk of cognitive decline and highlight the need for differentiated preventive strategies in different populations.