Unveiling the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and its etiology among married women of remote South Andaman Island in India

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a global public health concern, particularly among women of reproductive age and leads to severe health complications. Married women, despite being perceived as low-risk, are often excessively affected due to factors such as partner infidelity, and lack of negotiation power in sexual relationships. Therefore, the study aimed to understand the prevalence of STIs among married women of South Andaman Islands. A cross-sectional study with an analytical focus was conducted on STIs in South Andaman after obtaining the ethical approval. Written informed consent obtained before sample collection.Vaginal swab sample were collected for extracting high-quality DNA and Polymerase chain reaction assay for STI Pathogens such as C.trachomatis, N.gonorrheae, T.vaginalis, U.parvum, and HSV-2 were carried out individually. ELISA was performed for detecting Hepatitis B virus and T.pallidum. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATA software. Overall prevalence of STIs was 15.1%, of which Hepatitis B virus had the highest crude prevalence rate at 3.1%. Lower rates of bacterial STIs suggest possible variations in transmission dynamics, testing availability, or healthcare-seeking behavior. Most women (44.6%) reported their first sexual encounter after age 16, with higher rates among U. parvum (66.7%) and C. trachomatis (62.5%). Majority (97.9%) reported having a single sexual partner, with only a small proportion reporting multiple partners. Family planning usage varied, with 50.8% of women never using any contraception. Women without contraceptive methods had higher odds of getting C.trachomatis, N.gonorrheae, U.parvum, and T.pallidum infection. The prevalence of STIs among married women in South Andaman is high. Younger women are more likely to get Chlamydia, while women over 35 faces other STIs. Unemployment, early sexual activity, no condom use, and lack of STI knowledge are significant risk factors. Proper menstrual hygiene is vital for prevention. These findings underscore the need for strengthened screening and targeted health education interventions in remote island settings and can inform regional STI control strategies tailored to vulnerable populations.