Dexmedetomidine-associated polyuria mimicking diabetes insipidus

Dexmedetomidine can, in rare cases, cause profound polyuria mimicking central diabetes insipidus, particularly during prolonged infusions beyond the Food and Drug Administration -approved 24-hour duration.Early recognition of dexmedetomidine-associated polyuria can prevent unnecessary diagnostic evaluations, reduce the risk of volume depletion and electrolyte disturbances, and prompt timely discontinuation of the offending agent.Internists managing critically ill patients should closely monitor urine output and serum electrolytes during extended dexmedetomidine use, especially in patients with hepatic impairment or refractory delirium.