Lung Ultrasound Evaluation of the Impact of Inspired Oxygen Fraction on Atelectasis During Induction of General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Administration of 50% FiO2 during anesthesia induction in pediatric patients significantly decreased the incidence and severity of atelectasis without compromising oxygenation or safety. These findings support the use of a lower inspired oxygen concentration as a potentially optimal strategy for minimizing anesthesia-related pulmonary complications in this population.